The laptop can't start using GRUB anymore.
The laptop can't start using GRUB anymore.
I'm uncertain about this. Run efibootmgr with specific options to boot ArchLinux using the EFI image.
The only possibilities are your BIOS failing to save the entry or deleting it when you restart. My Dell laptop has an option in the BIOS to manually add an EFI file—just point it at grubx64.efi—to see if your system supports something like that. If not, consider resetting the CMOS. Your Arch ISO media appears to boot, so the "--removable" setting should work with Grub; however, I’m unsure how this affects dual-booting while sharing an EFI partition.
I’m facing a more serious issue now. After trying to update the laptop, it froze completely. I powered it off with the power button (a really bad decision) and now when I try to boot, I get an error saying “failed the start load kernel modules.”