Consider setting up your home wiring
Consider setting up your home wiring
Hi! I recently purchased my home and am planning some renovations. For the new wired network, here’s what I’ve thought so far: - I’m not sure if I need a hardware firewall. I already have an express VPN, but I’m trying to integrate it somehow. Should I replace my router or get a new one? - The layout on the map matches everything I plan to install. I also have devices like tablets, phones, a printer, and an AC hub (ECoE) that I’ll connect via Wi-Fi. - I’m thinking of using Cat7 wiring for all the cabling because a 1000ft spooler isn’t too costly, and I’d run the lines through walls. Each bedroom should have at least two Ethernet ports, while the living room and office need four. - I’m considering Cat7 (see link) for the wiring. I noticed a Cat6a option but it seems pricier than Cat7. - I haven’t decided on cameras, a server for them, or a PoE switch—I’m still weighing my options. - I’m also unsure which unmanaged switch to choose. I’m leaning toward getting this one. Thanks for reading!
You might want to explore PFsense. You can purchase devices from Netgate or a few other vendors, or you could construct your own enclosure using PC components. The main drawback of PFsense is its limited Wi-Fi performance; you'll likely need a dedicated Wireless AP. It handles each network interface separately—meaning a 4-port Ethernet card in the LAN section will treat every port independently. You’d probably want at least two Ethernet ports, one for WAN and another for LAN, with the LAN port connected to a switch. PFsense is a strong option based on what I’ve heard, offering many capabilities. The only point I want to highlight is that most smart TVs support only 100 Mbps Ethernet, which in 2021 still holds true. This matters because streaming a full 4K video through a local Plex server can consume over 100 Mbps. Whether you’re using Plex or not, this could be a limiting factor. I’m aware someone might correct me, but here’s my take. Cat 7 isn’t TIA certified; all other cables are. So I don’t consider it a proper standard. Additionally, most available cables don’t meet the required specifications. I can tell you that the reason prices seem low is likely because these cables aren’t up to TIA standards—they’re just subpar versions sold under Cat 7 branding. The issue is clear: this Cat 5e is rated for 2.5 Gbps, Cat 6 for 5 Gbps and 10 Gbps over short distances, Cat 6a for 10 Gbps, while Cat 8 supports 40 Gbps but lacks current equipment. If you need more than 10 Gbps, consider Fiber. One final note: opt for full copper cabling for wall installations—avoid Copper Clad Aluminum (CCA). CCA works for short runs and patch panels, but full copper is best for walls. I’m not an expert on PoE, but the unmanaged switch should be sufficient. Brands like Netgear and TP-Link are often recommended.
Verify that your PoE switch can handle the power needs of the cameras. The unmanaged PoE switch connected is 802.11at/af compliant, yet it appears to be active-PoE as well. Confirm whether this matches your expectations.
It depends on whether the setup is active or passive PoE. Active PoE delivers power through the Ethernet regardless of connected devices, posing a risk to non-PoE equipment. Passive PoE first checks compatibility with the device before sending power, making it safer for non-PoE systems. Ubiquiti switches usually support passive PoE, while older models might be active. PoE standards like PoE+, PoE++ refer to the power capacity of the Ethernet cable. @NephtisSeibzehn Also note the voltage requirements—some cameras need 24V, others 48V. I recommend acquiring the necessary PoE cameras first, then selecting a PoE switch. If your system includes a central console with a non-PoE uplink to your router or switch, that would be ideal.
You're welcome on the recommendation! It appears to offer great value and should work well with ExpressVPN. For Wi-Fi, your existing router setup seems solid—modem → PFSSLayer firewall → router configuration would keep everything secure. Regarding TV apps, sticking with your current setup makes sense unless you want to explore alternatives later. Plex sounds promising based on what you've read; it might be worth considering for future projects. I recall a video about Linus setting up his home network using a 1000ft Cat6 cable for around $160. Monoprice models start near $440. Since you're not familiar with the market much now, you might want to check out PoE switches and higher-rated options. Upgrading your HDD on that system isn't too far off, and the 8-camera package could be a solid choice if you plan to expand.
PFsnese can handle router functions too. While you might use your existing router in AP mode, it's worth noting that PFsense isn't a complete all-in-one option. Copper costs seem to be rising. Don't forget inflation and the current US tariffs. I haven't made any cable suggestions. You could check local home improvement stores such as Home Depot, Lowes, or Menards for options.
Online streaming platforms typically cap speeds at around 100Mbps. 4k content demands steady 25Mbps for seamless playback. LAN connections could pose challenges, particularly when aiming for higher quality streams. Consider checking out Infinite Cable. With this all-in-one setup, you won’t need a dedicated PoE switch for your cameras. Proceed to the details below. The system accommodates up to 2x 10TB hard drives, suggesting future disk upgrades may be feasible.
It makes more sense as I learn more about pfSense. This option looks cheaper than the other link and seems to offer better overall cable quality. You're correct about not needing a switch if I opt for the all-in-one setup—I had thought about doing it myself but this seems simpler. Sure, it costs more upfront, but it probably adds value. I also noticed I could install more HDDs after setting up the post, which is helpful. The system has about 4TB of space, which should be sufficient.
If you don’t require Cat6a, opt for the more affordable Cat6 instead.